Grassland+Ecosystem

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=My name is lvan Juarez from class 5-888. I will represent my facts on Grasslands = The grasslands biome can be divided up into the temperate grasslands and tropical grasslands. Graands are wide expsslanses of land filled with low growing plants such as grasses and wildflower the amount of rain. Grasslands are generally located Between deserts and forest. Each major area of Grasslands in North Americans.unfortunately human farming and development has cause the grass



=Hello my name Naraly Acosta from class 5-777, I will present Grasslands=

2. In so **uthern** climates the grass grows very tall becausse the grass areods have warm weather and per

 * [[image:https://alchemistclub.wikispaces.com/i/c.gif width="10" height="21"]] ||  || [[image:https://alchemistclub.wikispaces.com/i/c.gif width="23" height="21"]] ||> Draft Saved at 10:56 am || [[image:https://alchemistclub.wikispaces.com/i/c.gif width="10" height="21"]] ||



=3. Grasslands harbor many species of life i Africa you'll find lions elephants zebras and giraffes living on the grasslands in america coyote= === 4. What is a grassland exactly? In america we call them praires. In South American they are known as pampas in Russa and the Ukraln they are called steppes and you've probably heard of the African savnnan- also atype of grassland.=== =5.Grassland are places where there not enougn rain to grow.=

a system of interlocking and interdent food chains =Food pyradicka nutritional diagram in the shape of a pyramid especially in the us the guide pyramid.= =rass=

[[image:alchemistclub/naraly12345.jpg width="767" height="401"]]


FOOD WED- A SYSTEM OF INTER LOCKING AND INTERDENT FOOD CHAIN.  Hello my name is jonathan I am from class 5-2 and here are five facts about Grassland ecosystem 1. Grassland are about 130 dergrees.  2.dry in the winter 3.made up of nonliving and living things 4.lions,foxs and snakes 5.hot in the summer

Hello,my name is Ali Abdelaziz and i am from class 5-2 and here are my five facts.

1:Grassland's are also known as hyprairies,pampas,seppas,and savannas. 2:Grassland's surround every desert in asia. 3:The Grass stay's low because,the areas have cold wintersand very Hot and dry summers. 4:Grasslands are also known as prairies,pampas,seppes,and savvannah's. 5:Grasslands have more then 10 names.

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=__Definition__=

Ecosystem:a place where different types of

Niche:a shallow recess
Biome:a large occuring community of flora. Habitat:a natural home of a animal,plant,or other organism. community:a group of animals or humans in the same place. Food web:a system of interlocking and interpendent food chain. Food chain:The series of process of which food is produced,sold,or consumed. Food pyramid:a nutritional diagram shaped like a pyramid. Energy pyramid:a graphical model of energy flow in a community. ==Short summary:Grassland's are one of the most common places on Earth.Grassland's surround every desert in asia.Also,Grassland's are also called Praires,and many other words.The reason the grass is low is because of dry hot summers,and very cold winters.In Grasslan's,there are lots of famous animals like Antalope,Bison,Bager,and Pronghorn.Last,Grassland's have more then 10 names.This shows my short summary in grassland's.==

Hello,My name is Jessly Ortega I am from class 5888. Here are my five facts about Grassland Ecosystem.
his is an energy pyramid-Jacob- this shows how much energy a animal get from eating grass
 * the grass lands Biome can be divided up into the temperate grass lands and tropical grass lands
 * the temperate grass land have seasons including a hot summer and a cold winter.
 * grass lands are generally located between deserts and forests.
 * a lot of smaller animals hind down in the grasses such as snakes / mice / and rabbits.
 * different kinds of grass grow in different areas of the grass lands.

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figuer; 2



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Hello my name is josue and i am from class 5-502 and here are my five facts abaut grassland. 1. some grasslands are old and hot. 2.grasslands dosnt have to be very hot it can also be very dry. 3. grassland is known as the driest place on earth. 4. The grasslandshot air means lots of evapation. 5. grasslands and cold oceans current near poles are responsible of the polar.







Defenitions: Habitat:a home of a animal Biome:a large natrually occuring community of flora and fauma occuping a major habbitat,e.g forest or tundra.

community:a group of animals or people living in the same place. food web:a system or interlocking and interdeptent food chain. food chain:the series of prosesess by which food is grown or produced,sold,and eventually consumed. food pryamid:a nutritinal diagram in the shape of a pryamid especially (in the US) THE FOOD guide pryamid. super pyramid:an ancient massive structure found especcially in egypt

SHORT SUMMARY:some grasslands are cold and hot .some grasslands dont have to be very cold or vey dry.grassl`ANDS SURROUND EVERY DESERT IN ASIA.SOME GRASSLANDS ARE OLD AND HOT.

This is a picture of the energy pyramid-Diego

This is a picture of the food web-Diego

This is the food chain-Diego



rafiu 1)grass lands are very cold 2)grassland is not like ice land 3)grasslands was found by the native americans 4)grassland is near the equator 5)grass is up to 3ft.long this is rafiu First video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jXbD9UJlxdM Hello this is Diego today i'm putting up a video thats not that good but it has a lot of pictures of Grassland.This video give's you many details of the was it's formed and animals. The animals eat many types of food and of the ecosystem they live in they have many different kinds of food it's great.It tells you all the living things there and the interactions. so that's the summery of the first video i'm posting hopefully you guys learn from it.

Second video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q1_xsXybzjA Hello this is Diego i'm putting up a video that shows the way it looks in general.In this video i saw the way a Grassland looks with all the animals not noticing the camera's and just doing what they normally do and that gives you the full experience.Also what is very interesting it gives you the POV at night.So hopefully you enjoy actually being at a Grassland

Third video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M_MN-_8IuJc This is a video that is kid friendly and animated.This is a animated version of the actuall wild life in the grassland very very helpful because some people like when you learn by actually hearing it and that gives you an idea.My favroite part is that a 1st grader can watch this and understand this.Hopfully you learn a thing or two form this.PS this is Diego LOL.

1)a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. 2)all the inhabitants of a particular town, area, or country. 3)a group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common. 4)a shallow recess, especially one in a wall to display a statue or other ornament. 5)a large naturally occurring community of flora and fauna occupying a major habitat

First video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdJHknIiSs8 Hello this is Jacob and this is a kid friendly video.This shows multiple animated pictures of animals in Grassland.Also it shows you were many Grasslands are located like in Africa and many other places.Hopefully you enjoy.

Second video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_t15sZh0-s Hello this is Jacob and this video actually has lion kind music in the background LOL.This Video describing the characteristics of the Savanna Grasslands as well as how the threat desertification is affecting the biome. I really enjoyed this video because it's supporting to not do anything to the nature of grasslands.hopefully you find this helpful.

Third video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vOutbPg_wmY Hello this is jacob and this video relates to Diego's video.This is just a wild video with out the animals seeing the camera.Yes stalkerish i know LOL.Back to the point i actually found this helpful so hopefully you find this helpful too.

5 facts about grassland by : Jacob Liz 1) Grasslands are areas domaided by grasses and fords 2)less than 8% of all grasslands are procted 3)Grasslands are considered the transnational biome 4)the grasslands are near the equator 5)grass is as tall as 3-6 feet tall

[|MY ENERGY FLOW DIAGRAMS. BY: ASTRIC REY.] =__**How to do a Grassland Ecosystem Project in a S**____hoe Box.__= = =

===#1: Measure a sheet or sheets of blue construction paper to line the internal sides, back and top of your shoe box when it's laying horizontally, with the opening facing you. You may need to tape together more than one sheet of paper. Once you have measured the sheets, set them aside. Do not attach them to the inside of the box yet. ===

===#2: Draw your sky. Use chalk or white crayons to draw clouds on the blue construction paper, and you can even shade the paper with different colors of blue. Use a black or brown marker to draw some birds that flying in the distance. Color a bright sun with yellow and orange markers. You can also cut out shapes of clouds and a sun from construction paper and glue or paste these to your sky. ===

#3: Tape or glue your sky inside the box.
===#4: Glue or paste green construction paper to the bottom of your ecosystem. You may need to cut it to fit. Measure another piece of green paper to line the back of the box, but cover only the lower fourth of the back of the box. Cut this paper with jagged edges along the top so that it looks like grass. Paste this sheet in the back of the box, with the grass at the top. ===

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">#5: Research grasslands and brainstorm a list of animals and plants you'd like to include in your box.
===#6: Find modeling clay and scissors, and some paint. You could us all this to make it easier! To start; Put some clay or the green construction paper: Your choice!: to make the bottom. Then, mold some animals or find some of the realistic, small animals and put them on top and bottom.===

===//__Tip: To make the project brighter, use some extra clay or animals and decorate the top and write your name in some fancy way: You could tape some leaves, grass or paper to make your name so it looks like as if you took a trip to the grasslands yourself! Feel creative! Find some inspiration and passion to make your project better. As they say "The more, The marry-er"!__//===

===<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">#7: Glue a piece of string or fishing line to the top of the birds to make it look like their flying! Be sure to measure the string ahead of time so your birds won't hang down too low. ===

=== #8: Add a blue construction-paper watering hole.You can also put some trees there. //Warning! There are only about 20 trees in total counting all grasslands in the world! If you add to much, you might get a bad grade for your knowledge on grasslands.// ===

===<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">#9: Sprinkle bits of dirt and real pieces of grass and clover on the ground inside your box to create realistic details. ===

=<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> //**__My Summary on my Grassland Project:__**// =

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Types of Grasslands

 * About one quarter of the land on Earth is grassland, located on either side of desert belts that circle the earth. Tropical grasslands are found closest to the equator and are hot year-round, whereas those cold winters are typical for North America's tallgrass prairie (located east of the Great Plains of the midwestern United States), the mixed grass prairie (southern Midwest) and the shortgrass prairie (stretching along the Rocky Mountains into Canada). A 3D model showing these belts and the locations of these grasslands can be built from clay or as a diorama. As part of the project, describe how these grasslands differ, such as variations in grass heights, soil types and animal habitats.

Grass Growth

 * In the African savanna, dead or dry plants are common during dry seasons but grass continues to grow. A 3D grassland project could examine how grass survives. Fill a plastic cup with soil and plant a small clump of grass in the soil. Trim the stems until they are even (about 1 inch above the soil). Color the grass stems with a marker or a pen, and place the cup in direct sunlight. Measure the grass from the tips of the blades to the soil level every day for at least a week. Make note of any new growth above or below the colored ends. This project demonstrates that grass grows despite fires or animals nibbling on it because the grass does not grow from the tips as other plants do. Grass blades grow above each node along the stem. When the tops of the blades are eaten or burned, the grass continues to grow.

Grassland Animals

 * While studying grasslands, students learn not only habitat, but the animals within that habitat. A 3D project on grasslands can explore the animals that live there. For example, a variety of fast-moving animals can be found in the African grasslands. Research the speeds that each of these animals [[image:http://images.intellitxt.com/ast/adTypes/lb_icon1.png link="http://www.ehow.com/info_7991866_3d-grassland-school-projects.html#"]], and create a model that compares these speeds. A model of the African savanna might include a cheetah, a lion, and a zebra. Position the animals as though in a race, with the fastest animal out in front and the slowest lagging behind. Determine why speed might be important for survival in a grassland habitat. For example, animals must be fast to escape predators because of the scarcity of trees in which to hide.

Grassland Biome

 * A biome is a scientific model for a region where animals and plants exist in a particular climate. Create a model of a grassland biome using a shoebox. Your biome should show weather, terrain, and animal life that exist in the grasslands. For example, in the temperate grasslands of the midwestern United States, you would see such animals as coyotes, bears, deer, hawks, owls and snakes. You would also have a wide mix of grasses, warm to hot summers and cold winters. The terrain should show mountains, rivers, lakes, rocks and other natural formations.

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Google.com Search up " grassland bubble maps" And go to images.



Google.com Search up " grassland bubble maps" And go to images.

=Photo Gallery: Grassland Landscapes=
 * [[image:http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/001/overrides/colorado-winter-wheat_120_100x75.jpg width="100" height="75" link="http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/photos/grasslands-landscapes/?rptregcta=reg_free_np&rptregcampaign=20131016_rw_membership_n1p_us_se_w#"]]
 * [[image:http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/001/cache/dakota-prairie-dog_126_100x75.jpg width="100" height="75" link="http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/photos/grasslands-landscapes/?rptregcta=reg_free_np&rptregcampaign=20131016_rw_membership_n1p_us_se_w#"]]
 * [[image:http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/001/cache/grassland-storm_175_100x75.jpg width="100" height="75" link="http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/photos/grasslands-landscapes/?rptregcta=reg_free_np&rptregcampaign=20131016_rw_membership_n1p_us_se_w#"]]
 * [[image:http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/004/cache/terraced-fields_402_100x75.jpg width="100" height="75" link="http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/photos/grasslands-landscapes/?rptregcta=reg_free_np&rptregcampaign=20131016_rw_membership_n1p_us_se_w#"]]
 * [[image:http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/003/overrides/paradise-valley-grasslands_333_100x75.jpg width="100" height="75" link="http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/photos/grasslands-landscapes/?rptregcta=reg_free_np&rptregcampaign=20131016_rw_membership_n1p_us_se_w#"]]
 * [[image:http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/002/overrides/missouri-national-grassland_294_100x75.jpg width="100" height="75" link="http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/photos/grasslands-landscapes/?rptregcta=reg_free_np&rptregcampaign=20131016_rw_membership_n1p_us_se_w#"]]
 * [[image:http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/004/cache/hajdudorog-grassland_424_100x75.jpg width="100" height="75" link="http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/photos/grasslands-landscapes/?rptregcta=reg_free_np&rptregcampaign=20131016_rw_membership_n1p_us_se_w#"]]
 * [[image:http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/002/overrides/missouri-national-grassland_294_100x75.jpg width="100" height="75" link="http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/photos/grasslands-landscapes/?rptregcta=reg_free_np&rptregcampaign=20131016_rw_membership_n1p_us_se_w#"]]
 * [[image:http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/004/cache/hajdudorog-grassland_424_100x75.jpg width="100" height="75" link="http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/photos/grasslands-landscapes/?rptregcta=reg_free_np&rptregcampaign=20131016_rw_membership_n1p_us_se_w#"]]

These areas are known by different names throughout the world. They can look desolate, generally containing few or no trees, except in areas along rivers and streams. But they are vibrant ecosystems, and some, like the African savanna, are home to the animal kingdom's most recognizable fauna. =Grasslands Map= Data courtesy World Wildlife Fund || || [|Online exhibits] : [|The world's biomes] The grassland biome ||  || A grassland west of Coalinga, California. || Grasslands are characterized as lands dominated by grasses rather than large shrubs or trees. In the Miocene and Pliocene Epochs, which spanned a period of about 25 million years, mountains rose in western North America and created a continental climate favorable to grasslands. Ancient forests declined and grasslands became widespread. Following the Pleistocene Ice Ages, grasslands expanded in range as hotter and drier climates prevailed worldwide. There are two main divisions of grasslands: * Tropical grasslands or [|savannas]  Savanna is grassland with scattered individual trees. Savannas of one sort or another cover almost half the surface of Africa (about five million square miles, generally central Africa) and large areas of Australia, South America, and India. Climate is the most important factor in creating a savanna. Savannas are always found in warm or hot climates where the annual rainfall is from about 50.8 to 127 cm (20-50 inches) per year. It is crucial that the rainfall is concentrated in six or eight months of the year, followed by a long period of drought when fires can occur. If the rain were well distributed throughout the year, many such areas would become tropical forest. Savannas which result from climatic conditions are called //climatic savannas//. Savannas that are caused by soil conditions and that are not entirely maintained by fire are called //edaphic savannas//. These can occur on hills or ridges where the soil is shallow, or in valleys where clay soils become waterlogged in wet weather. A third type of savanna, known as //derived savanna//, is the result of people clearing forest land for cultivation. Farmers fell a tract of forest, burn the dead trees, and plant crops in the ashes for as long as the soil remains fertile. Then, the field is abandoned and, although forest trees may recolonize, grass takes over on the bare ground (succession), becoming luxuriant enough to burn within a year or so. In Africa, a heavy concentration of elephants in protected parkland have created a savanna by eating leaves and twigs and breaking off the branches, smashing the trunks and stripping the bark of trees. Elephants can convert a dense woodland into an open grassland in a short period of time. Annual fires then maintain the area as a savanna.
 * Grasslands, Savanna, and Shrublands**
 * [|Temperate grasslands]

Savanna in the Samburu Game Preserve, Kenya. || The soil of the savanna is porous, with rapid drainage of water. It has only a thin layer of humus (the organic portion of the soil created by partial decomposition of plant or animal matter), which provides vegetation with nutrients. Savannas are sometimes classified as forests. The predominant vegetation consists of grasses and forbs (small broad-leaved plants that grow with grasses). Different savannas support different grasses due to disparities in rainfall and soil conditions. Because the savanna supports such a large number of species competing for living space, usually only one or a few kinds of grass are more successful than the others in a particular area. For example, in drier savannas such as those on the Serengeti plains or Kenya's Laikipia plateau, the dominant grasses on well-drained soils are Rhodes grass and red oat grass; throughout the East African savannas, star grasses are dominant; the lemon grasses are common in many western Uganda savannas. Deciduous trees and shrubs are scattered across the open landscape. One type of savanna common in southwestern Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda, known as grouped-tree grassland, has trees growing only on termite mounds — the intervening soil being too thin or poorly drained to support the growth of trees at all. Frequent fires and large grazing mammals kill seedlings, thus keeping the density of trees and shrubs low. Savannas receive an average annual rainfall of 76.2-101.6 cm (30-40 inches). However, certain savannas can receive as little as 15.24 cm (6 inches) or as much as 25.4 cm (10 inches) of rain a year. Savanna has both a dry and a rainy season. Seasonal fires play a vital role in the savanna's biodiversity. In October, a series of violent thunderstorms, followed by a strong drying wind, signals the beginning of the dry season. Fire is prevalent around January, at the height of the dry season. Fires in savannas are often caused by poachers who want to clear away dead grass to make it easier to see their prey. The fires do not devastate the community. Most of the animals killed by the fires are insects with short life spans. A fire is a feast for some animals, such as birds that come to sites of fires to eat grasshoppers, stick insects, beetles, mice, and lizards that are killed or driven out by the fire. Underground holes and crevices provide a safe refuge for small creatures. Larger animals are usually able to run fast enough to escape the fire. Although the dry stems and leaves of grasses are consumed by fire, the grasses' deep roots remain unharmed. These roots, with all their starch reserves, are ready to send up new growth when the soil becomes more moist. The scattered shrubs can also subsist on food reserves in their roots while they await the time to venture above the soil again. Unlike grasses and shrubs, trees survive a fire by retaining some moisture in all their above-ground parts throughout the dry season. Sometimes they have a corky bark or semisucculent trunk covered with smooth resinous bark, both being fire resistant. A fire leaves scorched earth covered with a fine layer of powdery black ash in its wake. During March, violent thunderstorms occur again, this time heralding the rainy season. When the rains come, savanna bunch grasses grow vigorously. Some of the larger grasses grow an inch or more in 24 hours. The savannas experiences a surge of new life at this time. For example, many antelope calves are born. With so much grass to feed on, mothers have plenty of milk. Calves die if the rains fail to come. Other animals (which do not all occur in the same savanna) include giraffes, zebras, buffaloes, kangaroos, mice, moles, gophers, ground squirrels, snakes, worms, termites, beetles, lions, leopards, hyenas, and elephants. There are also some environmental concerns regarding savannas such as poaching, overgrazing, and clearing of the land for crops.  Colorado prairie. || Temperate grasslands are characterized as having grasses as the dominant vegetation. Trees and large shrubs are absent. Temperatures vary more from summer to winter, and the amount of rainfall is less in temperate grasslands than in savannas. The major manifestations are the veldts of South Africa, the puszta of Hungary, the pampas of Argentina and Uruguay, the steppes of the former Soviet Union, and the plains and prairies of central North America. Temperate grasslands have hot summers and cold winters. Rainfall is moderate. The amount of annual rainfall influences the height of grassland vegetation, with taller grasses in wetter regions. As in the savanna, seasonal drought and occasional fires are very important to biodiversity. However, their effects aren't as dramatic in temperate grasslands as they are in savannas. The soil of the temperate grasslands is deep and dark, with fertile upper layers. It is nutrient-rich from the growth and decay of deep, many-branched grass roots. The rotted roots hold the soil together and provide a food source for living plants. Each different species of grass grows best in a particular grassland environment (determined by temperature, rainfall, and soil conditions). The seasonal drought, occasional fires, and grazing by large mammals all prevent woody shrubs and trees from invading and becoming established. However, a few trees, such as cottonwoods, oaks, and willows grow in river valleys, and some nonwoody plants, specifically a few hundred species of flowers, grow among the grasses. The various species of grasses include purple needlegrass, blue grama, buffalo grass, and galleta. Flowers include asters, blazing stars, coneflowers, goldenrods, sunflowers, clovers, psoraleas, and wild indigos. Precipitation in the temperate grasslands usually occurs in the late spring and early summer. The annual average is about 50.8 to 88.9 cm (20-35 inches). The temperature range is very large over the course of the year. Summer temperatures can be well over 38° C (100 degrees Fahrenheit), while winter temperatures can be as low as -40° C (-40 degrees Fahrenheit). The fauna (which do not all occur in the same temperate grassland) include gazelles, zebras, rhinoceroses, wild horses, lions, wolves, prairie dogs, jack rabbits, deer, mice, coyotes, foxes, skunks, badgers, blackbirds, grouses, meadowlarks, quails, sparrows, hawks, owls, snakes, grasshoppers, leafhoppers, and spiders. There are also environmental concerns regarding the temperate grasslands. Few natural prairie regions remain because most have been turned into farms or grazing land. This is because they are flat, treeless, covered with grass, and have rich soil. Temperate grasslands can be further subdivided. //Prairies// are grasslands with tall grasses while //steppes// are grasslands with short grasses. Prairie and steppes are somewhat similar but the information given above pertains specifically to prairies — the following is a specific description of steppes. Steppes are dry areas of grassland with hot summers and cold winters. They receive 25.4-50.8 cm (10-20 inches) of rainfall a year. Steppes occur in the interiors of North America and Europe. Plants growing in steppes are usually greater than 1 foot tall. They include blue grama and buffalo grass, cacti, sagebrush, speargrass, and small relatives of the sunflower. Steppe fauna includes badgers, hawks, owls, and snakes. Today, people use steppes to graze livestock and to grow wheat and other crops. Overgrazing, plowing, and excess salts left behind by irrigation waters have harmed some steppes. Strong winds blow loose soil from the ground after plowing, especially during droughts. This causes the dust storms of the Great Plains of the U.S.
 * [[image:http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/images/dot_clear.gif width="20" height="1"]] || [[image:http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/images/biomes/savanna.jpg width="211" height="139" caption="African savanna"]]
 * [[image:http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/images/dot_clear.gif width="20" height="1"]] || [[image:http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/images/biomes/grassland_temp.jpg width="274" height="139" caption="Colorado grassland"]]

[|**Freshwater**] || || [|**Marine**] || || [|**Desert**] || || [|**Forest**] || || [|**Grassland**] || || [|**Tundra**] || California grassland by Charles Webber © 2002 California Academy of Sciences. Savanna by Dr. Robert Thomas and Margaret Orr, © 1999 California Academy of Sciences. Colorado prairie by Dr. Robert Thomas and Margaret Orr © 2001 California Academy of Sciences.
 * [[image:http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/images/biomes/freshwater90.jpg width="90" height="68" caption="Freshwater" link="http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibits/biomes/freshwater.php"]]
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 * |||||| <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Plants ||
 * Mulla Mulla Grasslands (Bush's Paddock) contains an extension of the Pinkerton Woodland, however there is a cleared paddock between the two areas. The majority of the vegetation on this 45ha paddock is native grasses and herbs.

It was acquired by Melton Council 1990’s as a buffer to the proposed adjacent quarry. In 1999 a WWF grant was received by Council to restore the grassland. A Conservation Covenant was applied by Trust for Nature. PLEG has been co-jointly managing this grassland with Melton Council from this period.

The signature plant thriving in this paddock is Featherheads or Tall Mulla Mulla (Ptilotus macrocephalus)

[|Plant List for Bush's Paddock] by Doug Frood All Photos taken on-site by Colin Rowan & Cathy Powers || Ptilotus macrocephalus (feather-heads) || Stackhousia monogyna (creamy candles) || Eryngium ovinum (Blue Devil) || Pimelia linifolia (slender rice-flower) || Dianella longifolia (Plains Flax Lily) || Pelargonium rodneyannum (Magenta Storks-bill) || Convolvulus erubescens (Pink Bindweed) || Euchiton invlucratus (Common Cudweed ||  Calocephalus citreus (Lemon Beauty Heads)  ||  Helichrysum apiculatum (Common Everlasting)  || Arthropodium strictum (Chocolate Lily)  ||   || Stipa bigeniculata (Tall Spear Grass)  ||  Themeda triandra (Kangaroo Grass)  ||   ||  General View - Grassy Woodland   ||   Native Spear Grass   ||   Tricoryne elatior (Yellow Rush Lily)   || An old rock wall on-site   ||   General View    Walking in the tall grasses.  ||
 * [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/BP_Creamy%20Candles1.jpg width="219" height="165"]]
 * [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/Dianella%20longifolia.jpg width="187" height="189" caption="Dianella longifolia"]]
 * [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/Cudweed.jpg width="143" height="154" caption="Cudweed"]]
 * [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/Bracteantha%20viscosa.jpg width="161" height="151" caption="/Bracteantha viscosa"]] Bracteantha viscosa (Sticky Everlasting) || [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/Chocolate%20Lily.jpg width="179" height="156"]]
 * Grasses ||
 * [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/Windmill%20grass_1.jpg width="193" height="205"]] || [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/Windmill%20grass_2.jpg width="157" height="202" align="center"]] ||  ||
 * Chloris truncata (Windmill Grass). New Shoots (Left),Mature heads (Right) ||  ||
 * [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/Grass_c.jpg width="192" height="164"]]
 * The Grassy Woodlands ||
 * [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/Grey%20Box%20Woodland.jpg width="226" height="172"]]
 * [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/Grey%20Box%20Woodland2.jpg width="201" height="129"]]

Einadia nutans (Nodding Salt Bush)  || Low growing, Microlaeana stipodes (Weeping Grass )  || Convolvulus (Twining flower)  || Ripe Berries of the Salt Bush  || Four months later, the field grasses have grown (background) and the special plants in the weed mat have grown well. ||
 * [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/Grass_a.jpg width="124" height="152"]]
 * Planting of Grassland species - Organised by Melton Shire ||
 * [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/BP_Trial%20Area.jpg width="208" height="156"]] || [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/Trail%20Area%201.jpg width="204" height="154" align="center"]] || [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/Trial%20Area%20close%20up.jpg width="201" height="155"]] ||
 * The initial planting of selected native plants were made using a special weed mat, which would hopefully reduce the incidence of weeds and promote the growth of native plants.
 * [[image:http://www.pinkertonforest.com/html/MullaMullaPaddock/Plants/grassland/Everlasting%20Daisy.jpg width="125" height="153" align="left" caption="Everlasting Daisy"]]

Bracteantha viscosa (Sticky Everlasting)  || Helichrysium apiculatum (Common Everlasting)  || Wahlenbergia communis (Tufted Bluebell) ||   ||   ||   ||
 * ^  |||||| [[image:http://www.skyenimals.com/images/blank.gif width="1" height="3"]] ||
 * [[image:http://www.skyenimals.com/images/blank.gif width="10" height="13"]] ||
 * [[image:http://www.skyenimals.com/images/blank.gif width="10" height="3"]] ||  |||| [|**back**]=List of Grassland Animals=
 * [[image:http://www.skyenimals.com/images/blank.gif width="10" height="3"]] ||  |||| [|**back**]=List of Grassland Animals=

Grassland Habitat
|| © umabatata - Fotolia.com || ==Grassland== Grasslands are areas filled with tall growing grasses. Grasslands are too dry for many trees to grow. All the continents of the world except Antarctica contain some grassland. Grasslands differ around the world, from the prairies of North America to the African Savanna. No matter which continent, grasslands support a wide variety of animal life. Large numbers of birds, grazing mammals, reptiles, insects and predators live throughout the grasslands of the world. More grassland information || [|**Aardvark**] [|**Aardwolf**] [|**Accentor**] [|**African Buffalo**] [|**African Wild Dog**] [|**Alpaca**] [|**Anaconda**] [|**Ant**] [|**Anteater**] [|**Antelope**] [|**Armadillo**] [|**Baboon**] [|**Badger**] [|**Bandicoot**] [|**Barbet**] [|**Bat**] [|**Bee**] [|**Bee-eater**] [|**Beetle**] [|**Bird**] [|**Bison**] [|**Black-footed Cat**] [|**Black-footed Ferret**] [|**Boa**] [|**Bowerbird**] [|**Brown Bear**] [|**Bush Dog**] [|**Bushshrike**] [|**Bustard**] [|**Butterfly**] [|**Buzzard**] [|**Caracal**] [|**Caracara**] [|**Cardinal**] [|**Caterpillar**] [|**Cheetah**] [|**Chipmunk**] [|**Civet**] [|**Climbing Mouse**] [|**Clouded Leopard**] [|**Coati**] [|**Cobra**] [|**Cockatoo**] [|**Cockroach**] [|**Common Genet**] [|**Cotton Rat**] [|**Cougar**] [|**Courser**] [|**Coyote**] [|**Crane**] [|**Crane Fly**] [|**Cricket**] [|**Crow**] [|**Culpeo**] [|**Death Adder**] [|**Deer**] [|**Deer Mouse**] [|**Dingo**] [|**Dinosaur**] [|**Dove**] [|**Drongo**] [|**Duck**] [|**Duiker**] [|**Dunnart**] [|**Eagle**] [|**Echidna**] [|**Elephant**] [|**Elk**] [|**Emu**] [|**Falcon**] [|**Finch**] [|**Flea**] [|**Fly**] [|**Flying Frog**] [|**Fox**] [|**Frog**] [|**Frogmouth**] [|**Garter Snake**] [|**Gazelle**] [|**Gecko**] [|**Geoffroy's Cat**] [|**Gerbil**] [|**Giant Tortoise**] [|**Grasshopper**] [|**Guinea Pig**] [|**Hippopotamus**] [|**Hyena**] [|**Hyrax**] [|**Jackal**] [|**Jaguar**] [|**Kangaroo**] [|**Kangaroo Rat**] [|**Kestrel**] [|**Ladybug**] [|**Leopard**] [|**Lion**] [|**Macaw**] [|**Mouse**] [|**Newt**] [|**Ostrich**] [|**Pangolin**] [|**Pheasant**] [|**Prairie Dog**] [|**Przewalski's Horse**] [|**Python**] [|**Rabbit**] [|**Raven**] [|**Rhinoceros**] [|**Sloth Bear**] [|**Spectacled Bear**] [|**Starling**] [|**Stick Bug**] [|**Tamandua**] [|**Thornbill**] [|**Thrush**] [|**Toad**] [|**Tortoise**] [|**Toco Toucan**] [|**Turkey**] [|**Turtle**] [|**Tyrant Flycatcher**] [|**Vicuna**] [|**Vulture**] [|**Wallaby**] [|**Warbler**] [|**Warthog**] [|**Wasp**] [|**Waxwing**] [|**Weasel**] [|**Weaver**] [|**Weaver-finch**] [|**Whydah**] [|**Wildcat**] [|**Wildebeest**] [|**Wombat**] [|**Woodchuck**] [|**Woodpecker**] [|**Worm**] [|**Yak**] [|**Yellowjacket**] [|**Zebra**] ||
 * [[image:http://www.skyenimals.com/images/habitats/grassland.jpg width="400" height="300" caption="grassland"]]
 * ==Animals of the Grassland== ||
 * ===Grassland Animals===
 * ||  || [[image:http://www.skyenimals.com/images/blank.gif width="10" height="3"]] ||
 * [[image:http://www.skyenimals.com/images/blank.gif width="10" height="13"]] ||
 * ~  ||~   ||~   ||~ Contact Us / Support ||




 * Hi! My name is Astric. If you want to look at Steven and my latest project, click on __#|download[[image:http://cdncache1-a.akamaihd.net/items/it/img/arrow-10x10.png height="10"]]__ on the box above this introduction.**


 * From the books : Grasslands & Savannas, Grassland food chains, Baby animals in Grassland habitats & Grassland: DISCOVER EARTH'S ECOSYSTEMS.**
 * Vocabulary in Grasslands/Savanna book:**
 * biome: a large natural area with a distinctive climate,geology, and**
 * set of water resources. A biome's plant and animals are adapted**
 * for life here.**


 * climate: average weather patterns in an area over many years.**


 * geology: the rocks, minerals, and physical structure of an area.**


 * biodiversity: the range of living things in an ecosystem.**


 * adapt: changes of a plant or animal makes to survive new or**
 * different conditions.**


 * ecosystem:a community of a living and nonliving things and their**
 * environment. Living things are plants, animals, and insects.**
 * Nonliving things are soil, rocks, and water. **


 * environment: everything in nature, living and nonliving. **


 * The rest will be shown post-by-post. We'll be doing Grassland food chains tomorrow for our post. By and __#|Happy[[image:http://cdncache1-a.akamaihd.net/items/it/img/arrow-10x10.png height="10"]]__ Thursday!!! **


 * OH!!! One more thing: I will give you a website each week that are found on YouTube. It's full of lots of videos on grasslands. **

[]
 * Today's website is: **

Click on the purple to go on the website. I will show new websites each Friday. ENJOY!!!!!!

__Kimberly Perez__ we couldn't get a sparrow.so we going to get a monk parakeet monk parakeets are herbivorous they eat seeds,nuts,fuits,berries,leaves and flowers. the birds incubate up to 11 eggs for 24 days.chicks remain in the nest for 6 weeks after hatching and disperse when they are a year.

__Rimothy Bennett__ Grasslands are divided into two main parts ;temperate grasslands,tropical grasslands,commonly savannas [23.5 degrees north]tropic of cancer [23.5 degrees south] tropic of capricorn.Grasslands go by many names .In the u.s mid west they are known as prairies.In south America,they're called pampas.Central Eurasian grasslands are referred as steppes,while in Africa they're savannas.what they are have in common is grass as their naturally dominant vegetation.Grasslands are found where there is not enough regular rainfall to support the growth of a forest,but not so little as to form a desert. In fact,most grasslands are located between forests and deserts.About one quarter of the Earth's land is covered with grasslands,but many of these lands have been turned into farms.Grasslands are generally open and fairly flat,and they exist on every continent except Antarctica.Most lie in the drier portions of a continent's interior.

KIMBERLY PEREZGrassland ecosystem

Grasslands are areas where the vegetation is dominate by grasses. The climate for grasslands is baselly dry .and grasslands are found in the most ecological regions of the earth. A few trees such as cottonwoods, oaks and willows grow in river valleys,and a few hundred species of flowers grow among the grasses.temperate grasslands have a low diversity of wildlife,but a high abundance of wildlife. In north America the dominant grazing animals are bison and pronghron. Rodents include pocket gophersand prairie dogs. Grasslands are divided into main types. There are 3 types of grasslands. All grasslands have very tall grass, up to 5 feet tall. And they get almost 30 inches of rain a year.grassland biomes are large,rolling terrains of grasses, flowers and herbs.there are many types of grasslands around the world.some of the grasslands are tropical and some are dry grasslands.

THE GRASSLAND BIOME...


 * Grasslands are considered the transitional biome. This means that grasslands are usually found between the desert and the forest. It would become a forest if grasslands received more rain. If it received any less rain, it would be a desert. ||
 * [[image:http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webunits/biomes/wheat.gif]] || There are 3 types of grasslands. **Tall grasslands** have very tall grass, up to 5 feet tall, and they get almost 30 inches of rain a year. **Mixed grasslands** have grasses that grow around 2-3 feet high. This kind of grassland gets about 15-25 inches of rain in a year. The third kind of grassland is the **short grasslands**. This type of grassland is almost a desert. It has very short grass and only receives 10 inches of rain each year. ||
 * [[image:http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webunits/biomes/wheat.gif]] || True prairies and grasslands are becoming harder and harder to find. People are taming the wild lands, and the grasslands are becoming as extinct as the animals that are missing from them today. ||
 * [[image:http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webunits/biomes/wheat.gif]] || In Africa, national parks are being set up to preserve the grasslands. This will help the animals such as lions and elephants as well. ||
 * [[image:http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webunits/biomes/wheat.gif]] || The United States is starting to perserve the wild grasslands, too. It is even replanting grass where it has been cleared for farming. ||

Grasslands are large areas with rolling hills of grasses and wildflowers. Grasslands are found on every continent but Antarctica. Sometimes grasslands are called prairies, savannahs, or steppes. The roots of the grasses and small plants make the soil rich and great for farming. Some of the grasslands are used for animal grazing, too. The map below shows where grasslands are located around the world.

Grasslands are extremely hot during the summer months and very cold during the winter months. The grasslands receive anywhere from 10-30 inches of rain per year. Sometimes the summers are so hot that the grass catches on fire very easily. Fires are very often seen during these hot summer months. These fires are dangerous because they spread through the dry grass very quickly. There are so many animals that live in the grasslands. Some of them are very small such as mice, prairie dogs, and the little insect called the aphid. These animals can hide easily in the tall grass of the grasslands. Other animals roam the grasslands of Africa such as the African elephant, lions, zebras, giraffe, black rhinoceros, and many more! These animals are too large to hide in the grasses, so they must protect themselves in other ways. Lions, cheetas, and coyotes are able to protect themselves by running very fast. Other large animals travel in groups. Elephants, zebras and rhinoceros roam the grasslands in huge herds. These herds are able to protect the smaller, weaker animals from lions and other predators. Here in the United States, buffalo used to roam the grasslands, but no so much anymore. Buffalo are huge animals with thick, brown fur. A long time ago, many people hunted the buffalo. Today, a person can not shoot a buffalo, so the mammal is slowly coming back. ||  ||
 * ANIMALS IN A GRASSLAND



[|http://www1.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=183705&title=Room_3_Grasslands_Mov] Prairies, as grasslands are sometimes called, have many beautiful wildflowers. There are not many tall trees or bushes in the grasslands, because there is just not enough water for them to live. Also, there is too much wind on the prairie for tall trees to survive.